What should I know about auto insurance?
Some people think of it in terms of "us versus them." Some of us have lives and property worth protecting and believe that there are people who have nothing, will never amount to anything and will take advantage of us anytime they can. Those of us who care purchase insurance for what we have to protect and keep it.
In our modern society, the orderly transfer of risk between the members of our society is accomplished through insurance. In exchange for a known loss (payment of an insurance premium), the risk of a large catastrophic loss (payment of thousands of dollars for damage to property) is transferred to the insurance company through the insurance policy.
In auto insurance, there is first party coverage and third party coverage. First party coverage covers you and your property (such as medical expenses, damage to your vehicle and the insurance company's duty to defend you in the event that you are sued as the result of your operation of a vehicle, etc.). Third party coverage is for your responsibility to pay for injury caused to other people, whether in your vehicle, or another vehicle involved in the accident. The coverage (and its exclusions) is set forth in your insurance policy. In exchange for the payment of a premium, the insurance company promises to provide compensation in the event of certain occurrences. You can speak to an insurance representative to find our more about the options available to you, and their costs.. Before purchasing auto insurance, it is a good idea to shop around and buy the coverage that best suits your needs at the most reasonable price. You may wish to consider factors such as customer service, claims paying ability, claims payment record, general reputation and independent rating organization's ranking.
In determining what Liability Limits you should purchase, you need to consider the amount of exposure that you have. As a general rule, the more property and wealth you own, the greater your exposure is, and the greater the need for protection against claims from third parties. Often, liability limits are set as a combination of numbers, such as 15/30, which means coverage of loss of up to $15,000 per person and up to $30,000 for all injuries which occur in a single accident. Many states require a minimum amount of third party liability insurance be purchased before a you may drive a vehicle on public roads. This is referred to as the minimum liability limit. Often the minimum liability limit is inadequate to protect all of your property and wealth. Increased limits, such as 100/300 or 300/500 are very common and can be purchased at modest addition cost to you.
Your vehicle itself can be covered in several different ways. Comprehensive coverage provides coverage for loss to your vehicle due to certain proximate causes (such as fire, theft, vandalism, and acts of nature). Collision covers damage to your vehicle in the event that it collides with another vehicle of object, often regardless of who is at fault in the event of an accident. Both comprehensive and collision coverage may be subject to a deductible, that is, damage to the vehicle must exceed the deductible amount before the insurance company will pay you for a covered loss. Deductibles for this coverage are available is various amounts, generally the greater the deductible, the lower the premium for the coverage.
Most insurance policies require Notice of Loss be provided to the insurance company. When you are involved in an accident, the terms of most insurance policies state that you must contact your insurance company and tell them about the accident. Should you fail to tell your insurance company about an accident in a timely manner, the insurance company may try to deny coverage for the occurrence.
After you have notified your insurance company of an accident, the policy may require you to "Tender the Defense" of any claims arising out of the occurrence to the insurance company. This means that you are required to allow the insurance company to hire an attorney or otherwise participate in the settlement and litigation of claims against you by third parties. This also protects you, as the insurance company will provide a defense for you in the event that you are sued as a result of your operation of a vehicle.
Once an insurance company has provided benefits to you, such as the repair of your vehicle under collision damage coverage, you must give the Subrogation Rights arising from the accident to the insurance company. This means that once your insurance company has "made you whole" after a loss, you must give your right to pursue negligent third parties for compensation to the insurance company. This enables the insurance company to be "made whole" for its payment to you by recovering damages from the negligent third party. In other words, if your insurance company pays you for damages incurred in an accident which was not your fault, you give them the right to sue the party at fault, and you give up that right.
Some states, and many insurance companies, have Mandatory Arbitration of disputes arising out of auto accidents. In a mandatory arbitration state or insurance policy, liability for damages must be determined as a result of an arbitration process before a civil lawsuit can be filed in the court system. In arbitration, neutral arbitrators (knowledgeable practicing attorneys) are selected, and evidence is presented to them. The arbitrators then determine the amount of the arbitration award. If the arbitration award is agreed to by both parties, the matter is ended (the arbitration award may be made a court judgment for further enforcement purposes). If either of the parties involved refuses to accept the arbitration award, a lawsuit may then be filed to have a new trial in a court of law, with liability to be determined by a judge or jury. |
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